The network layer

 the network layer manages device addressing tracks the location of devices on the network and determines the best way to move data which means that the network layer must transport traffic between devices that aren't locally attached. routers are specified at the network layer and provide the routing services within an Internetwork. 


Two types of packets are used at the network layer data and route updates.

Data packets:- used to transport user data through the internetwork. protocols used to support data traffic are called routed protocols examples of routed protocols are IP and IPv6 

Route update packets:- used to update neighboring routers about the networks connected to all routers within the internetwork. protocols that send route update packets are called routing protocols examples of common ones are RIP, RIPv2, EIGRP, and OSPF route update packets are used to help build and maintain routing tables on each router.

Network addresses  - protocol-specific network addresses a router must maintain a routing table for individual routed protocol because each routed protocol keeps track of a network with a different addressing scheme think of it as a street sign in each of the different lang. 

Interface - the exit interface a packet will take when destined for a specific network .

Metric:- the distance to the remote network different routing protocols use different ways of computing this distance I m going to cover routing protocols.


#routers by default will not forward any broadcast or multicast packets.

# routers use the logical address in a network layer header to determine the next-hop router to forward the packet to 

# routers can use the access-list created by an administrator to control security on the types of packets that are allowed to enter or exit an interface.


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